ABSTRACT
It might have happened so many times that you or someone
yours need doctors help immediately, but they are not available due to some
reason. This system provides medical suggestions for patients on any time
either by go green medicines or by consulting the doctor through online. So we
hereby make an web application for patients and from that they can easily
undergoes treatment. The user who is needing for doctor’s help at their home
can consult doctors easily. It also saves the time of the user. From this the
doctors get more customers from online and they earn a lot. Moreover, the
frequently accessed doctors are credited with some amount by the organization.
CHAPTER 1 –INTRODUCTION
It might have happened so many times that you or someone
yours need doctors help immediately, but they are not available due to some
reason. This system is an end user support and online consultation project.
Here we propose a system that allows users to get instant guidance on their
health issues through an intelligent health care system online. The system is
fed with various symptoms and the disease/illness associated with those systems.
The system allows user to share their symptoms and issues.
Then it will ask for user opinion whether they wants to
follow natural treatments or by consulting a doctor. If the user chooses
natural treatment helps the users in curing its disease by giving the list of
fruits and herbs that the user should consume in order to get rid of its
disease. Here we use some intelligent data mining techniques to guess the most
accurate illness that could be associated with patient’s symptoms. The admin
can add fruits and herbs to the system and its information. This system also
allows the user to view the selected fruit or the herb’s description which
describes how the fruit or the herb will help to improve the user’s health.
And if the user
chooses for consulting a doctor, the system will send the notification message
for related doctors based on the above symptoms. Then the available doctors
will reply for it. Then it will list all the available doctors and then the
user chooses a doctor among them and proceed their treatment and pay the fees
through online. So that the doctors get more customers through online.
Moreover, the doctors who are all frequently accessed by more
patients will be short listed and they will get a credit amount once in a month
by the organization. It’s major benefit for the doctors.
Efficient doctor patient portal is a managing system that
helps doctors as well as the patients by providing options of booking
appointments as per the convenience of both doctor and patients with the motive
of medical progress. Through this system, doctors can easily manage the
appointment slots online. System will make all the empty slots visibly
available to the patients, which are booked by the name of any particular
patient. The system makes it easy to manage various doctors and their
availability on various dates and timings. Doctors maintain the medical history
of the patient into their database so that every time any particular patient
logs into the system, he/she can easily access their complete medical history
whenever needed. In addition, it helps the doctor to refer their patient’s
medical history for any further prescriptions. This allows for an automated
patient doctor handling system through an online interface. The system also
contains an organ donor module. This module has an option for the registration
of organ donation along with an organ search option. The module design helps to
fulfill the urgent organ requirements through easy/instant searches.
Efficient doctor patient portal is a managing system that
helps doctors as well as the patients by providing options of booking
appointments as per the convenience of both doctor and patients with the motive
of medical progress. Through this system, doctors can easily manage the
appointment slots online. System will make all the empty slots visibly
available to the patients, which are booked by the name of any particular
patient. The system makes it easy to manage various doctors and their
availability on various dates and timings. Doctors maintain the medical history
of the patient into their database so that every time any particular patient
logs into the system, he/she can easily access their complete medical history
whenever needed. In addition, it helps the doctor to refer their patient’s
medical history for any further prescriptions. This allows for an automated
patient doctor handling system through an online interface. The system also
contains an organ donor module. This module has an option for the registration
of organ donation along with an organ search option. The module design helps to
fulfill the urgent organ requirements through easy/instant searches.
Health modulates each of these factors and,
as a results, has a plausible impact on the development and course of this
illness” (Jacka et al. 2010, p. 5). Others, such as Smith (1991), have linked
the immune system to depression, and the immune system is also thought to be
influenced by healthcare habits (Jacka & Berk 2007). For example, magnesium
deficiency (e.g., low intake of leafy green vegetables, nuts, legumes and whole
grains) is associated with C-reactive protein – a marker for low grade
inflammation (Jacka & Berk 2007). Heathery habits are thus likely to be
important factors in immune status, which these researchers suggest may influence
depression over time (Jacka & Berk 2007). A number of Australian
researchers have also recently begun conducting research on health and its
association with symptoms of mental illness. In a large-scale Western Australia
study researchers examined 1,631 adolescents (14-year-olds) and found two main
food patterns: a ‘Western’ healthcare pattern, which consisted of high intakes
of take-away foods, soft drinks, confectionary, refined grains and full fat
dairy products; and a ‘healthy’ healthcare pattern, which consisted of high
intakes of whole grains, fruit, vegetables, legumes and fish (Ambrosini et al.
2009). A study by the same research group identifies that higher scores of
psychological symptoms relating to internalizing (e.g., withdrawal/depression)
and externalizing behaviour (e.g., delinquency/aggression) were associated with
a ‘Western’ healthcare pattern, whereas a ‘healthy’ healthary pattern was
associated with a decrease in symptoms (Oddy et al. 2009). Another study also
showed that a ‘Western’ health was associated with a higher likelihood of
depressive and anxiety disorders in women (Jacka et al. 2010).
Furthermore, it has been identified that a
high-quality breakfast, consisting of 3 of more food groups, is associated with
better mental health scores in adolescence (O'Sullivan et al. 2008). For
example, the researchers report that milk, fortified breakfast cereals and
bread are good sources of nutrients (including carbohydrates, calcium, B
vitamins, iron and folate) that positively affect brain function (O'Sullivan et
al. 2008). Gender differences As alluded to earlier, differences in life
expectancy between men and women continue to be evident today: the average life
expectancy for Australian women is 84 years, whilst for men it is 79 years
(Department of Health and Ageing [DOHA] 2010c). Health-related beliefs and
behaviour significantly moderate these differences particularly in
preventable/chronic diseases. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (1996)
reviewed a large number of studies and estimated that half of all deaths could
be prevented by making changes in personal health behaviours, such as health.
Research confirms that Australian men consume less fruits and vegetables than
women (Centre for Public Health 2003). Compared to other groups, men aged 18-44
years also eat a smaller variety of vegetables (Centre for Public Health 2003).
Men consume less high fibre foods, less low fat foods and more soft-drinks than
women (e.g., Wardle et al. 2004). In this regard, researchers have identified that
men face specific barriers to eating foods like fruit and vegetables (Dumbrell
& Mathai 2008). This includes cost, time, lack of cooking skills,
inconsistent quality, low availability, perishability and a lack of
understanding as to recommended serving size (Dumbrell & Mathai, 2008).
Furthermore, Dumbrell and Mathai (2008) identified in a sample of men aged 18 -
40 years that fruit and vegetables ranked lowly in Australian men’s culture –
this was particularly noticeable in younger men aged 18 – 25 years where they
were unconcerned about the health risks of health’s low in fruit and
vegetables. The researchers (Dumbrell & Mathai 2008) comment that
Australian food marketing messages often link masculinity with animal products
“or with the ‘hunter’ rather than ‘gatherer’ food traditions” (p. 217), whereas
nutrition and cooking are socially constructed as feminine (e.g., far more
women than men are cooks and homemakers on television) (Courtenay 2000).
1.1 Objectives
The objective of this project is finding doctor for user
requires. They providing treatment also various category like GO GREEN and
ALLOPATHIC.
1.2 System Specifications
Hardware Requirements:-
Ø Android OS
Software Requirements: -
Operating System : Android OS
Front-End : HTML, CSS, and JS
Back-End : Angular JS, PHP, MYSQL
Tool : Cordova
CHAPTER
2 – LITERATURE REVIEW
Patient portals are secure websites
that give health care consumers (here referred to as patients) access to
personalized health records and typically include capabilities such as secure
emailing with physicians, appointment scheduling, and educational programs [1]. Patient portals are different from personal health records (PHRs). The
main difference between the two is ownership: whereas a patient portal is owned
by the organization that provides it, patients typically own their PHRs [1].
Scholars suggest that patient portals
can improve organizational performance, for example by decreasing the need for
in-person visits (some of which may be substituted by secure emails), by
letting patients manage more activities online (such as through online
appointment scheduling and prescription refill), and by reducing the need for
paper printouts and postage (enabled by online transmission of test results and
care plans) [2, 3]. Relatively few studies, however, have documented such effects of
patient portals on organizational performance [4, 5] and studies that have examined effects on healthcare utilization show
mixed results [6].
Portals may also positively influence
patient health by enabling and stimulating patients to manage and monitor their
care [2], something that may be of particular value to patients with chronic
diseases [7]. Numerous research studies have been conducted to assess the effects of
patient portals (and similar EHR-linked online services) on patient outcomes,
and systematic reviews of this rapidly growing literature have been published [4, 8–11]. Several studies found the use of patient portals to be correlated with
better chronic disease management, expressed in terms of outcome indicators
such as blood pressure and hemoglobin levels (see e.g., [12–14]). The effects are especially significant for patients with chronic
diseases and when coupled to case management [4]. Also, several studies indicate that use of the portal is positively
associated with patient satisfaction (e.g., [15, 16]). Yet, the strength of these correlations varies across studies and
some studies did not find statistically significant associations between portal
use and patient outcomes [11].
Despite the potential of patient
portals to improve patient health and organizational performance, the
inconsistent evidence reported thus far testifies to how difficult it is to
realize and measure this potential. The variety of patient populations, portal
functionalities, and contexts in which patient portals are implemented may
explain some of the variation in results [17–19]. Also, the implementation of patient portals is a complex intervention,
and the dynamics associated with such a change within the implementing
organizations are likely to play an important role as well. Yet, within the
current evidence base, the organizational factors influencing the impact of
patient portals on patient health and organizational performance have received
little attention. Published studies that document patient portal effects rarely
include descriptions of the organizational dynamics that enable these effects [6]. Further, in a recent systematic review of the literature on developing
patient portals, the authors observed a tendency for patient portal research
reports to include information from the perspective of patients and providers,
while efforts to understand the organizational dynamics from the lens of the
clinical and managerial leaders that develop and implement a patient portal are
sparse [20].
This study explicitly aims to advance
understanding of the organizational dynamics that influence the impact of
patient portals on organizational performance and patient health from the
perspective of relevant organizational leaders. To this purpose, we conducted a
qualitative study at Kaiser Permanente (), an organization for which some
research on the effects of the patient portal on organizational performance and
patient health has already been reported, thus giving us the opportunity to identify
the organizational dynamics that influenced the development of a portal with
organizational and patient outcomes. is
a prepaid integrated delivery system operating on a global budget [21]. It consists of the Health Plan & Hospitals and Medical Groups in
each of the seven regions in which
operates. The Medical Groups provide care to the 9.5 million members
that are insured through the Health Plan.
’s patient portal, accessible through
the website and through Apple and Android mobile applications, has evolved over
the last 15 years. The portal is integrated with HealthConnect, a system-wide electronic
health record (EHR) that was fully implemented across in 2010 [23]. Both the EHR and the patient portal are developed by the vendor, Epic
Systems. In its current form, the portal gives patients access to parts of
their medical records, encyclopedias and self-management programs. Also, it
facilitates interaction between patients and physicians via secure email and,
in some regions, video consult. Further, the portal offers transactional
components including appointment scheduling, prescription refill, and insurance
management tools [24]. With 4.4 million registered members as of October 2013, sending 14
million secure emails to 15,000 physicians per year, the portal is the most widely used privately
owned patient portal in the world [25]. Due to its long running time, extensive patient use, and documented
effects, ’s portal makes an ideal case for our study. We now briefly summarize
the reported effects of the portal on patient health and organizational
performance.
Several research studies have
reported beneficial effects of ’s portal, including better blood pressure
control, scores on the Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set
(HEDIS) [26–28] and use of preventive services for children [29]. Moreover, it has been found to positively influence patient
experiences; one study demonstrated that users of the portal were more than two
and a half times more likely to stay members of , likely due to enhanced
satisfaction [30]. In addition, is one of the few
systems that have reported variations in channel utilization after introduction
of a patient portal [31–34]. Of these four studies, three found that the portal reduced utilization
of telephone contacts, in-person doctor’s visits and hospitalization, while one
documented that the portal led to increased use of these channels. (It may be
that some of this inconsistency can be explained by the difficulty of
accounting for pent-up demand prior to portal use or the fact that patient
portal use may be a predictor for healthcare needs.) Finally, researchers
at examined how the portal reduced the
use of resources such as paper, postage, and gasoline, thus reducing
environmental waste.
Because
this diffusion did not always occur in an organized or homogeneous manner, the
initial diffusion of computers in hospitals led to the emergence of islands of
computerization, with isolated systems that lacked any form of interconnection and
were developed by different teams. The redundancy and the lack of data
integrity deterred health professionals, who saw these systems as developed by
systems professionals for systems professionals (Stumpf and Freitas, 1997).
This situation was also investigated by McDonald (1997), who analyzed the lack
of interconnection of the different systems used by the hospitals,
laboratories, and service providers in the healthcare field.
The
use of computers in medicine dates back to the 1950s with studies that attempted
to expand the mental capacity of physicians (Stumpf and Freitas, 1997) or dealt
with research on electrophysiology (Collen, 1986). With the evolution of this
equipment, especially with the capacity to simultaneously execute various tasks
beginning in the 1960s, computers began to be used in the processing of
information in large hospitals, in both administrative and financial functions
for the collection of statistics and the development of research projects
(Stead, 2007; Stumpf and Freitas, 1997). The use of microcomputers, beginning
in the 1970s, introduced the concept of distributed processing, increasing the
number of systems in use in large hospitals (Stumpf and Freitas, 1997).
Collen
(1986) described the development of approaches in the 1970s that sought to
approximate the habitual processes of decision-making with the use of
artificial intelligence in differential diagnoses. In the same decade, studies
were undertaken in search of a better organization of the healthcare system
(Kaihara, 1978). With the help of computer-processed simulations, the author
established an ideal relationship between medical centers and population
demands.
The
distributed processing was expanded during the 1980s with the development and
greater availability of microcomputers, and the possibility of network
communication of such equipment increased in the 1990s (Stumpf and Freitas,
1997). This allowed for the emergence of hospital information systems (HIS),
covering medical, administrative, and hospitality areas, although hospitality
may be considered as integrated into the administrative area (Cortes, 2008).
These three areas are interlinked by horizontal data and information flows,
providing support to the developed activities. Figure 1 shows
a sample record for use in the medical, administrative, and hospitality areas,
generating inter-related demands and actions. In the proposed scheme, the
information on the electronic records, which contain the procedures,
prescriptions, laboratory examinations, professionals involved, and
hospitalizations (when applicable), is fundamental for an HIS (Wakamiya and
Yamauchib, 2009; Pinochet and Albertin, 2008).
EXISTING
SYSTEM:
It is impossible for many persons to
visit doctor at any time. In that case the web application we developed may
help peoples to seek doctor’s help at required time, getting appointment from
doctor and paying the bill online. It is not necessary for all the patients to
take Allopathic medicines; they can also get the natural treatment from the
developing Web Application.
PROPOSED
SYSTEM:
Ø This system help the patient to get
organ quickly whenever required.
Ø Patient does not have to wait in
queue to visit the doctor.
Ø This system saves time of both doctor
and patient.
Ø The system also helps to search for
the hospitals available depending on the disease entered by the user
Ø Doctors get more clients online.
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Android Project Titles 2017-2018
Android Project Titles 2017-2018
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